MEDIA RELEASE
Thursday 3 July 2025
The hidden harm of fluctuating ear disease in First Nations children
Ahead of NAIDOC Week, Hearing Australia releases new findings that reveals urgent action is needed to treat preventable ear disease
More than one third (35 per cent) of young Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children experience fluctuating ear disease* and 8 per cent experience persistent ear trouble, according to new clinical findings from Hearing Australia.1 As NAIDOC Week kicks off this Sunday (6-13 July 2025), Hearing Australia is calling for urgent action to detect and treat ear disease early – giving children the best start in speech, learning and social development before school.
Middle ear infection (otitis media) in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children remains among the highest globally.2 “It can often start in early infancy without any obvious symptoms which is why regular ear health checks are important,” says Yorta Yorta woman Kirralee Cross, Partnership Specialist at Hearing Australia. “It can impact a child’s hearing over time and their ability to develop important listening, speech and language skills. Our findings are a powerful reminder that the fight against preventable hearing loss must remain a national priority, especially in a child’s early years.”
Since 2019, Hearing Australia has run the government funded Hearing Assessment Program – Early Ears (HAPEE), which provides services to over 10,000 First Nations children aged 0-6 every year. More than 26 per cent of children assessed are found to have undiagnosed ear disease and one-in-five have undiagnosed hearing loss.
Research shows effectiveness of five-minute checklist to detect hearing problems
To support early detection, a new study3 from the National Acoustic Laboratories (NAL), the research division of Hearing Australia, shows the effectiveness of a free and easy to use five-minute checklist. The PLUM (Parent-evaluated Listening and Understanding Measure**) tool was developed by NAL to help identify serious hearing issues. NAL analysed over 15,000 hearing appointments of First Nations children under seven, many of whom were seen through the HAPEE program. It found PLUM to be 91% accurate in identifying children’s longer-term hearing status. The findings also showed:
- 82 per cent of children with significant otitis media-related hearing loss lasting for 3+ months or longer received a ‘not yet on track’ result – a clear sign they needed ear health and hearing support.
- Children flagged as ‘not yet on track’ were 46 times more likely to have significant, sustained hearing loss than if they received an ‘on track’, underscoring the need for urgent follow-up.
Kirralee says, “These findings from NAL are valuable as it shows the PLUM tool identifies children who are both likely - and not likely - to have long term ear health and hearing trouble. This will help health practitioners to know when to give reassurance to families and when prompt action is needed to reduce the impact of otitis media.”
Hearing Australia is working closely with local communities and healthcare providers to prioritise regular ear health checks – and to use tools like PLUM to help detect common, often-overlooked hearing issues that can lead to serious developmental delays.
“We’re proud to work with over 400 health organisations across the country, and close to one-third are Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisations.” says Kirralee. “We’re tailoring our support and coordinating services with Ear, Nose and Throat specialists where possible so that children can get the help they need.”
Lorna Watson, CEO of the Australian Society of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery says, “Working together with Hearing Australia, GPs, Aboriginal health practitioners and audiologists, Ear, Nose and Throat specialists are then able to focus on children with ear health issues needing surgery. Every health check is an opportunity to screen ear health, as early identification has an impact on hearing, speech and language.”
Ear health checks recommended every 6 months
Experts recommend that young Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children have ear health checks every six months.4 However, Hearing Australia says checks are often prompted by parents or caregivers. “Identifying hearing problems shouldn’t fall solely on families. Often there are no signs of ear trouble which is why it’s important that ear health checks are a routine part of care,” says Kirralee. “Through the HAPEE program, our team has supported the upskilling of more than 1,000 health workers in hearing health. It means that more kids can be screened regularly and those who are identified as having a possible hearing problem can then be prioritised and seen by an audiologist.”
Outreach Worker and Care Coordinator at Karadi Aboriginal Corporation, Maree Marney says her training in ear and hearing health including the use of the PLUM tool, has transformed her community’s approach to managing hearing health. “We’ve implemented a new approach at Karadi: hosting community-based, impromptu screenings two weeks prior to the scheduled visits from Hearing Australia audiologists. This proactive strategy allows us to triage clients more effectively and identify any concerns early, ensuring better outcomes for our community.”
Kim Terrell, Hearing Australia Managing Director says, “We’re fortunate to have the support of many incredible partners who share our commitment to prevent long-term ear disease and hearing loss among First Nations children. The HAPEE program and tools like PLUM are critical to ensure children get the help they need.”
Hearing Australia is striving to halve the rate of hearing loss in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children by 2029. Kim adds, “We’re working with communities and local services to build primary health workforces across Australia. Our hope is that more First Nations children with ear health problems will be identified and connected with support early, so that ear trouble doesn’t stop them from learning and thriving.”
To learn more about Hearing Australia’s First Nations services visit hearing.com.au.
ENDS
*Fluctuating ear disease refers to a condition where otitis media changes over time.
** Developed in 2018, the National Acoustic Laboratories worked with Aboriginal health and early childhood services from urban and remote communities to develop the PLUM checklist. This checklist helps health and early childhood workers ask families the right questions to find out how bub’s listening skills are growing.
The Hearing Assessment Program is funded by the Australian Government. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children not yet attending full time school (i.e. children in the years prior to primary school) are eligible to be seen. All services provided under this program are free of charge. A hearing check includes a number of age-appropriate tests of hearing and middle ear function.
Conditions apply under the Australian Government Hearing Services Program.
REFERENCES
- Based on data collected under the HAPEE Program
- World Health Organization. World report on hearing. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2021. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240020481 (viewed June 2021)
- S Harkus, M Ward, J Nash, J Gavrillis, J Monaghan, I O’Keeffe, L Campbell, T Rankmore, L Austin, V Marnane, M Clapin, V Easwar.(2025) PLUM in practice: supporting early detection of significant, longer-term OM-related hearing loss in young Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children.[Unpublished manuscript] Communication Sciences, National Acoustic Laboratories.
- S Harkus, V Marnane, I O'Keeffe, C Kung, M Ward, N Orr, J Skinner, K Kong, L Fonua, M Kennedy and M Belfrage, Med J Aust 2023; 219 (8): 386-392. || doi: 10.5694/mja2.52100. Available from Routine ear health and hearing checks for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children aged under 6 years attending primary care: a national consensus statement.
Key Facts:
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New research shows 35% of young First Nations children experience fluctuating ear disease; 8% have ongoing ear trouble.
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Hearing Australia provides free hearing checks to over 10,000 First Nations children (aged 0-6) each year, with more than 25% found to have undiagnosed ear disease.
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A simple, five-minute hearing tool for parents is 91% accurate in identifying children likely to face long-term hearing problems.
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Children flagged as ‘not yet on track’ using the tool are 46 times more likely to have sustained hearing loss.
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Experts recommend ear health checks every six months, but many children go undiagnosed without routine screening.
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Hearing Australia aims to halve hearing loss rates in First Nations children by 2029, working with 400+ health organisations, including Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisations.
About us:
About Hearing Australia
Hearing Australia has been providing expert hearing care to Australians for over 75 years, helping thousands of children, adults, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, pensioners and veterans stay connected with their families and communities every week. Now, more than ever, good hearing is important to keep in touch with loved ones and stay connected to the world around you. With more than 450 audiologists, we offer services through tele-services, online, in home and in centre across over 450 locations Australia-wide. Our goal is to keep you connected to the people and life you love. No matter your age, no matter your hearing need, we make hearing easier for everyone.
Contact details:
Ballard Collective
Tara Ballard
0436 330 267
